The address sanitizer (ASan) reports issues at both build time and
runtime. Enabling it in CI helps catching more issues.

Ideally we would enable ASan for all builds. However, a bug in gcc 12
affects the Debian bookworm build in release mode, so ASan can't be
enabled unconditionally. To maximize test coverage, enable it in
MESON_ALL_OPTIONS and in the test-unit build, and disable it explicitly
where it causes issues.

When build with clang, the ASan runtime needs to be separately installed
for the default clang versions shipped by Debian Bookworm and Trixie.

The former is a dependency of the clang package, by the latter isn't. It
needs to be manually added to the Bookworm and Trixie containers as
their default clang versions rely on libclang-rt-dev.

Signed-off-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Kieran Bingham <kieran.bingham@ideasonboard.com>