rust: alloc: introduce allocation flags

We'll use them when allocating `Box`, `Arc`, and `UniqueArc` instances,
as well as when allocating memory for `Vec` elements. These changes will
come in subsequent patches.

Reviewed-by: Benno Lossin <benno.lossin@proton.me>
Signed-off-by: Wedson Almeida Filho <walmeida@microsoft.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240328013603.206764-6-wedsonaf@gmail.com


Signed-off-by: Miguel Ojeda <ojeda@kernel.org>