Annoyingly, the POSIX way to declare environ (as
"extern char **environ") is a redundant declaration in glibc with
_GNU_SOURCE; work around that.

We also have a workaround for _NSGetEnviron() needing to be used
instead of direct access to environ in at least some circumstances on
Mac OS. Attempt to sync that up between all the files that use environ,
consistently sorting the most special special-cases first (Windows
for files that are compiled there, then Mac, then GNU, with
lowest-common-denominator POSIX last).

The affected files are already OS-specific, so I'm not bothering to
introduce a nicer or higher-level API for this.

Based on the best bits of an earlier patch from me, and an earlier
patch from Thomas Zimmermann.

Signed-off-by: Simon McVittie <simon.mcvittie@collabora.co.uk>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Zimmermann <tdz@users.sourceforge.net>
Bug: https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=97357